RHOC ras homolog family member C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RHOCprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: ras homolog family member Cprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:669
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000155366 MIM:165380; AllianceGenome:HGNC:669
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: H9; ARH9; ARHC; RHOH9
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, which cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states and function as molecular switches in signal transduction cascades. Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. The protein encoded by this gene is prenylated at its C-terminus, and localizes to the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. It is thought to be important in cell locomotion. Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in colon (RPKM 99.1), small intestine (RPKM 91.0) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1p13.2

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (112701131..112707408, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (112713708..112719957, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (113243753..113250030, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Silencing of RhoC induces macrophage M1 polarization to inhibit migration and invasion in colon cancer via regulating the PTEN/FOXO1 pathway.
Title: Silencing of RhoC induces macrophage M1 polarization to inhibit migration and invasion in colon cancer via regulating the PTEN/FOXO1 pathway.
LncRNA ZFAS1 contributes to osteosarcoma progression via miR-520b and miR-520e-mediated inhibition of RHOC signaling.
Title: LncRNA ZFAS1 contributes to osteosarcoma progression via miR-520b and miR-520e-mediated inhibition of RHOC signaling.
RhoC in association with TET2/WDR5 regulates cancer stem cells by epigenetically modifying the expression of pluripotency genes.
Title: RhoC in association with TET2/WDR5 regulates cancer stem cells by epigenetically modifying the expression of pluripotency genes.
RNF168 suppresses the cancer stem cell-like traits of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by mediating RhoC ubiquitination.
Title: RNF168 suppresses the cancer stem cell-like traits of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by mediating RhoC ubiquitination.
A novel isoform of ATOH8 promotes the metastasis of breast cancer by regulating RhoC.
Title: A novel isoform of ATOH8 promotes the metastasis of breast cancer by regulating RhoC.
RNF168 promotes RHOC degradation by ubiquitination to restrain gastric cancer progression via decreasing HDAC1 expression.
Title: RNF168 promotes RHOC degradation by ubiquitination to restrain gastric cancer progression via decreasing HDAC1 expression.
Endothelial RhoB and RhoC are dispensable for leukocyte diapedesis and for maintaining vascular integrity during diapedesis.
Title: Endothelial RhoB and RhoC are dispensable for leukocyte diapedesis and for maintaining vascular integrity during diapedesis.
Nanobody-Based Quantification of GTP-Bound RHO Conformation Reveals RHOA and RHOC Activation Independent from Their Total Expression in Breast Cancer.
Title: Nanobody-Based Quantification of GTP-Bound RHO Conformation Reveals RHOA and RHOC Activation Independent from Their Total Expression in Breast Cancer.
RNF180 mediates STAT3 activity by regulating the expression of RhoC via the proteasomal pathway in gastric cancer cells.
Title: RNF180 mediates STAT3 activity by regulating the expression of RhoC via the proteasomal pathway in gastric cancer cells.
Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 promotes bladder cancer angiogenesis through activating RhoC.
Title: Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 promotes bladder cancer angiogenesis through activating RhoC.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (132)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	env	HIV-1 gp160 is identified to have a physical interaction with ras homolog gene family, member C (RHOC) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses	PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41	env	HIV-1 gp41 is identified to have a physical interaction with ras homolog gene family, member C (RHOC) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-75332 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:14478

SHGC-33509 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:13514

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in actin filament organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in apical junction assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in mitotic cytokinesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in mitotic cytokinesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	HMP more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lipase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in skeletal muscle satellite cell migration	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in wound healing, spreading of cells	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cleavage furrow	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in stereocilium	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC

Names: RAS-related homolog 9; epididymis secretory sperm binding protein; oncogene RHO H9; ras homolog gene family, member C; rho cDNA clone 9; rhoC GTPase; small GTP binding protein RhoC

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001042678.2 → NP_001036143.1 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001036143.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate exon in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AL603832, BC052808, CX872299

Consensus CDS

CCDS854.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KSW1, P08134, Q6ICN3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A024R0C8, A0A024R0I3, Q5JR08

Related

ENSP00000358656.3, ENST00000369642.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01870
Location:5 → 179

RhoA_like; Ras homology family A (RhoA)-like includes RhoA, RhoB and RhoC
NM_001042679.2 → NP_001036144.1 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001036144.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

BC009177, BQ231012, CN289691

Consensus CDS

CCDS854.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KSW1, P08134, Q6ICN3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A024R0C8, A0A024R0I3, Q5JR08

Related

ENSP00000358647.2, ENST00000369633.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01870
Location:5 → 179

RhoA_like; Ras homology family A (RhoA)-like includes RhoA, RhoB and RhoC
NM_175744.5 → NP_786886.1 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_786886.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

BC009177, CX872299

Consensus CDS

CCDS854.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KSW1, P08134, Q6ICN3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A024R0C8, A0A024R0I3, Q5JR08

Related

ENSP00000345236.8, ENST00000339083.12

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01870
Location:5 → 179

RhoA_like; Ras homology family A (RhoA)-like includes RhoA, RhoB and RhoC